Case report progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in hiv patient
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Feb 28, 2023
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Abstract
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a neurological condition caused by the JC virus. PML is a demyelinating disease preferentially affecting the central nervous system. JC virus is a DNA virus of the polyomaviridae family. The virus remains latent in most immunocompetent hosts and rarely presents pathologically. In immunosuppressed hosts, however, a combination of poor cellular response of the host along with reactivation of the virus secondary to recombination of genes results in active disease. This case report described a 42 years old male patient with a HIV, PML, Anemia. The patient complaints that the body feels weak, loss of consciousness and difficult to communicate with. Physical examination, laboratory examination and MRI study findings was support the diagnosis of PML in HIV patients. This case report described a 42 years old male patient with a HIV, PML, Anemia. The patient complaints that the body feels weak, loss of consciousness and difficult to communicate with. Physical examination, laboratory examination and MRI study findings was support the diagnosis of PML in HIV patients.
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How to Cite
Yestianto, Y. and Firman Suryo, M. (2023) “Case report progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in hiv patient”, Science Midwifery, 10(6), pp. 4791-4796. doi: 10.35335/midwifery.v10i6.1079.
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Sokol, J., Lisá, L., Zelenáková, J., Balhárek, T., Plamenová, I., Staško, J., & Kubisz, P. (2017). Rituximab-associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy. In Vnitrni Lekarstvi (Vol. 63, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.36290/vnl.2017.012
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Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D (1st ed.). Penerbit Alfabeta.
Trunfio, M., Manini, C., Trentalange, A., Boghi, A., Audagnotto, S., Imperiale, D., Taraglio, S., Bonora, S., Di Perri, G., & Calcagno, A. (2019). The “milky way” galaxy of HIV-related central nervous system immune reaction syndromes. Journal of NeuroVirology, 25(6). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-019-00769-4
Tsang, M., Cleveland, J., & Rubenstein, J. L. (2020). On point in primary CNS lymphoma. In Hematological Oncology (Vol. 38, Issue 5). https://doi.org/10.1002/hon.2761
Vinhaes, C. L., Araujo-Pereira, M., Tibúrcio, R., Cubillos-Angulo, J. M., Demitto, F. O., Akrami, K. M., & Andrade, B. B. (2021). Systemic inflammation associated with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in persons living with hiv. In Life (Vol. 11, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.3390/life11010065
Walker, N. F., Scriven, J., Meintjes, G., & Wilkinson, R. J. (2015). Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-infected patients. In HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care (Vol. 7). https://doi.org/10.2147/HIV.S42328
Zucker, B. E., & Stacpoole, S. R. L. (2018). Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the absence of immunosuppression. Journal of NeuroVirology, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-017-0592-2
Barthwal, M. S., Garg, Y., Bhattacharya, D., Katoch, C. D. S., Rajput, A. K., & Marwah, V. (2015). Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Medical Journal Armed Forces India, 71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mjafi.2014.07.003
Bartsch, T., Rempe, T., Leypoldt, F., Riedel, C., Jansen, O., Berg, D., & Deuschl, G. (2019). The spectrum of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a practical approach. In European Journal of Neurology (Vol. 26, Issue 4). https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.13906
Boeva, E. V., & Belyakov, N. A. (2018). Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV infection. In Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity (Vol. 8, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-2018-2-139-149
Bohra, C., Sokol, L., & Dalia, S. (2017). Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy and Monoclonal Antibodies: A Review. In Cancer Control (Vol. 24, Issue 4). https://doi.org/10.1177/1073274817729901
Breville, G., Koralnik, I. J., & Lalive, P. H. (2021). Brainstem progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. European Journal of Neurology, 28(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.14617
Fajarwati, M. I., & Irianto, S. (2021). PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA ANIMAKER MATERI KELILING DAN LUAS BANGUN DATAR MENGGUNAKAN KALKULATOR DI KELAS IV SD UMP. EL-Muhbib: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Penelitian Pendidikan Dasar, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.52266/el-muhbib.v5i1.608
Frattaroli, P., Chueng, T. A., Abaribe, O., & Ayoade, F. (2021). Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome with recurrent paradoxical cerebellar hiv-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Pathogens, 10(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10070813
Gold, R., Arnold, D. L., Bar-Or, A., Fox, R. J., Kappos, L., Mokliatchouk, O., Jiang, X., Lyons, J., Kapadia, S., & Miller, C. (2022). Long-term safety and efficacy of dimethyl fumarate for up to 13 years in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: Final ENDORSE study results. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 28(5). https://doi.org/10.1177/13524585211037909
Gold, R., Arnold, D. L., Bar-Or, A., Hutchinson, M., Kappos, L., Havrdova, E., Macmanus, D. G., Yousry, T. A., Pozzilli, C., Selmaj, K., Sweetser, M. T., Zhang, R., Yang, M., Potts, J., Novas, M., Miller, D. H., Kurukulasuriya, N. C., Fox, R. J., & Phillips, T. J. (2017). Long-term effects of delayed-release dimethyl fumarate in multiple sclerosis: Interim analysis of ENDORSE, a randomized extension study. Multiple Sclerosis, 23(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/1352458516649037
Grebenciucova, E., & Berger, J. R. (2018). Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy. In Neurologic Clinics (Vol. 36, Issue 4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ncl.2018.06.002
Lai, R. P. J., Meintjes, G., & Wilkinson, R. J. (2016). HIV-1 tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. In Seminars in Immunopathology (Vol. 38, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-015-0532-2
Lambrianides, S., & Kinnis, E. (2019). Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. In Archives of Hellenic Medicine (Vol. 36, Issue 4). https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000004935
Sandhu, M. R., Rutledge, R., Grant, M., Mahajan, A., & Spudich, S. (2019). Slowly progressive fatal PML-IRIS following antiretroviral initiation at CD4+ nadir of 350 cells/mm3 despite CD4+ cell count rise to 900 cells/mm3. International Journal of STD and AIDS, 30(8). https://doi.org/10.1177/0956462419835966
Seidel, C., Viehweger, C., & Kortmann, R. D. (2021). Is there an indication for first line radiotherapy in primary CNS lymphoma? In Cancers (Vol. 13, Issue 11). https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13112580
Shuker, O., Villamil, J., Ghitan, M., Chapnick, E. K., & Lin, Y. S. (2019). Tuberculosis-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-infected patient: A case report. IDCases, 15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idcr.2019.e00519
Siegal, T., & Bairey, O. (2019). Primary CNS Lymphoma in the Elderly: The Challenge. Acta Haematologica, 141(3). https://doi.org/10.1159/000495284
Sokol, J., Lisá, L., Zelenáková, J., Balhárek, T., Plamenová, I., Staško, J., & Kubisz, P. (2017). Rituximab-associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy. In Vnitrni Lekarstvi (Vol. 63, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.36290/vnl.2017.012
Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R &D. Alfabeta.
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D (1st ed.). Penerbit Alfabeta.
Trunfio, M., Manini, C., Trentalange, A., Boghi, A., Audagnotto, S., Imperiale, D., Taraglio, S., Bonora, S., Di Perri, G., & Calcagno, A. (2019). The “milky way” galaxy of HIV-related central nervous system immune reaction syndromes. Journal of NeuroVirology, 25(6). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-019-00769-4
Tsang, M., Cleveland, J., & Rubenstein, J. L. (2020). On point in primary CNS lymphoma. In Hematological Oncology (Vol. 38, Issue 5). https://doi.org/10.1002/hon.2761
Vinhaes, C. L., Araujo-Pereira, M., Tibúrcio, R., Cubillos-Angulo, J. M., Demitto, F. O., Akrami, K. M., & Andrade, B. B. (2021). Systemic inflammation associated with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in persons living with hiv. In Life (Vol. 11, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.3390/life11010065
Walker, N. F., Scriven, J., Meintjes, G., & Wilkinson, R. J. (2015). Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-infected patients. In HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care (Vol. 7). https://doi.org/10.2147/HIV.S42328
Zucker, B. E., & Stacpoole, S. R. L. (2018). Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the absence of immunosuppression. Journal of NeuroVirology, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-017-0592-2