Factors associated with successful vaginal birth after cesarean deliveries
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Feb 22, 2024
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Abstract
The high global cesarean section rate, ranging from 10% to 40%, imposes an economic burden at national and individual levels. Due to the increased risk of complications associated with repeated cesarean sections and the safety of vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC), VBAC has become a preferred strategy. It is crucial to offer mothers appropriate counseling on VBAC, considering potential benefits and risks, as well as understanding other factors influencing the choice of childbirth mode. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted, utilizing data from medical records of patients who gave birth at Dr. Tjitrowardojo Hospital Purworejo from January 2022 to December 2022. Data from 108 subjects were analyzed using Chi-square to identify variables correlated with VBAC spontaneous delivery. Mothers who successfully delivered VBAC at a non-risk age numbered 32 (55.6%). Mothers with a parity history of ≥2 who successfully delivered VBAC numbered 47 (45.2%). Mothers who delivered babies with normal birth weight and successfully delivered via VBAC numbered 39 (41.5%). Abnormal birth weight was significantly associated with VBAC failure (PR=3.526 (1.031-12.062), p=0.036). There were 8 (72.2%) babies with an Apgar score <6 at 5 minutes after VBAC. Abnormal birth weight is associated with the failure of spontaneous VBAC delivery at Dr. Tjitrowardojo Hospital Purworejo.
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How to Cite
Hastuti, T. T., Santoso, A., Al-Fajri, G., Shalihah, N. M. and Dina, A. K. (2024) “Factors associated with successful vaginal birth after cesarean deliveries ”, Science Midwifery, 11(6), pp. 886-892. doi: 10.35335/midwifery.v11i6.1399.
References
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Bayou, Y. T., Mashalla, Y. J. S., & Thupayagale-Tshweneagae, G. (2016). Patterns of caesarean-section delivery in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v8i2.953
Begum, R., Bilkish, U. S., Elora, N., Chowdhury, N., Akter, H., & Chowdhury, J. J. (2023). Vaginal Birth after Caesarean Section: A Study of 60 Patients with Spontaneous Onset of Labor Pain. Scholars International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6(10), 388–393. https://doi.org/10.36348/sijog.2023.v06i10.002
Betran, A. P., Ye, J., Moller, A.-B., Souza, J. P., & Zhang, J. (2021). Trends and projections of caesarean section rates: global and regional estimates. BMJ Global Health, 6(6), e005671. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005671
Betrán, A. P., Ye, J., Moller, A.-B., Zhang, J., Gülmezoglu, A. M., & Torloni, M. R. (2016). The Increasing Trend in Caesarean Section Rates: Global, Regional and National Estimates: 1990-2014. PLOS ONE, 11(2), e0148343. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148343
Bhardwaj, M., Gainder, S., Chopra, S., Bagga, R., & Saini, S. S. (2023). Validation of Grobman’s graphical nomogram for prediction of vaginal delivery in Indian women with previous caesarean section. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X, 18, 100188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurox.2023.100188
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Boerma, T., Ronsmans, C., Melesse, D. Y., Barros, A. J. D., Barros, F. C., Juan, L., Moller, A.-B., Say, L., Hosseinpoor, A. R., Yi, M., de Lyra Rabello Neto, D., & Temmerman, M. (2018). Global epidemiology of use of and disparities in caesarean sections. The Lancet, 392(10155), 1341–1348. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31928-7
Girma, Y., Menlkalew, Z., & Destaw, A. (2021). Vaginal delivery after caesarean section and its associated factors in Mizan Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. Heliyon, 7(11), e08276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08276
Habak, P. J., & Kole, M. (2023). Vaginal Birth After Cesarean Delivery. StatPearls. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507844/
Jumaah, I. A. A., Neamah, D. A., & Hussein, M. N. (2019). Successful Vaginal Birth After Caesarean Section and Maternal Outcome. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 428–433.
Keag, O. E., Norman, J. E., & Stock, S. J. (2018). Long-term risks and benefits associated with cesarean delivery for mother, baby, and subsequent pregnancies: Systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS Medicine, 15(1), e1002494. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002494
Li, Y.-X., Bai, Z., Long, D.-J., Wang, H.-B., Wu, Y.-F., Reilly, K. H., Huang, S.-R., & Ji, Y.-J. (2019). Predicting the success of vaginal birth after caesarean delivery: a retrospective cohort study in China. BMJ Open, 9(5), e027807. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027807
Maroyi, R., Naomi, B., Moureau, M. K., Marceline, B. S., Ingersoll, C., Nerville, R., & Mukwege, D. (2021). Factors Associated with Successful Vaginal Birth After a Primary Cesarean Section in Women with an Optimal Inter-Delivery Interval. International Journal of Women’s Health, Volume 13, 903–909. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S334269
Mia, M. N., Islam, M. Z., Chowdhury, M. R., Razzaque, A., Chin, B., & Rahman, M. S. (2019). Socio-demographic, health and institutional determinants of caesarean section among the poorest segment of the urban population: Evidence from selected slums in Dhaka, Bangladesh. SSM - Population Health, 8, 100415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100415
Misgan, E., Gedefaw, A., Negash, S., & Asefa, A. (2020). Validation of a Vaginal Birth after Cesarean Delivery Prediction Model in Teaching Hospitals of Addis Ababa University: A Cross-Sectional Study. BioMed Research International, 2020, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/1540460
Obeidat, N., Meri, Z. B., Obeidat, M., Khader, Y., Al-Khateeb, M., Zayed, F., Alchalabi, H., Kriesat, W., & Lataifeh, I. (2013). Vaginal birth after caesarean section (VBAC) in women with spontaneous labour: Predictors of success. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 33(5), 474–478. https://doi.org/10.3109/01443615.2013.782275
Obsa, M. S., Shanka, G. M., Menchamo, M. W., Fite, R. O., & Awol, M. A. (2020). Factors Associated with Apgar Score among Newborns Delivered by Cesarean Sections at Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa. Journal of Pregnancy, 2020, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5986269
Rangkuti, N. A., Zein, Y., Batubara, N. S., Harahap, M. A., & Sodikin, M. A. (2023). Hubungan Mobilisasi Dini Post Sectio Caesarea Dengan Proses Penyembuhan Luka Operasi di RSUD Pandan. Jurnal Education and Development, 11(1), 570–575. https://doi.org/10.37081/ed.v11i1.4563
Siraneh, Y., Assefa, F., & Tesfaye, M. (2018). Feto-Maternal Outcome of Vaginal Birth after Cesarean and Associated Factors Among Mothers with Previous Cesarean Scar at Attat Lord Merry Primary Hospital, Gurage Zone, South Ethiopia. Journal of Pregnancy and Child Health, 05(05). https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000390
Sulistianingsih, A. R., & Bantas, K. (2018). Peluang Menggunakan Metode Sesar Pada Persalinan Di Indonesia (Analisis Data SDKI Tahun 2017). Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi, 9(2), 125–133. https://doi.org/10.22435/kespro.v9i2.2046.125-133
Tesfahun, T. D., Awoke, A. M., Kefale, M. M., Balcha, W. F., Nega, A. T., Gezahegn, T. W., Alemayehu, B. A., Dabalo, M. L., Bogale, T. W., Azene, Z., Nigatu, S., & Beyene, A. (2023). Factors associated with successful vaginal birth after one lower uterine transverse cesarean section delivery. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 8871. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-36027-1
Umar, B., & Haque, M. (2022). Growing concern over rising caesarean section rates: Is it a problem for low- and middle-income countries only? Advances in Human Biology, 12(2), 93. https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_148_21
Uno, K., Mayama, M., Yoshihara, M., Takeda, T., Tano, S., Suzuki, T., Kishigami, Y., & Oguchi, H. (2020). Reasons for previous Cesarean deliveries impact a woman’s independent decision of delivery mode and the success of trial of labor after Cesarean. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 20(1), 170. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-2833-2
Wu, Y., Kataria, Y., Wang, Z., Ming, W.-K., & Ellervik, C. (2019). Factors associated with successful vaginal birth after a cesarean section: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 19(1), 360. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-019-2517-y
Angolile, C. M., Max, B. L., Mushemba, J., & Mashauri, H. L. (2023). Global increased cesarean section rates and public health implications: A call to action. Health Science Reports, 6(5). https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.1274
Bayou, Y. T., Mashalla, Y. J. S., & Thupayagale-Tshweneagae, G. (2016). Patterns of caesarean-section delivery in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v8i2.953
Begum, R., Bilkish, U. S., Elora, N., Chowdhury, N., Akter, H., & Chowdhury, J. J. (2023). Vaginal Birth after Caesarean Section: A Study of 60 Patients with Spontaneous Onset of Labor Pain. Scholars International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6(10), 388–393. https://doi.org/10.36348/sijog.2023.v06i10.002
Betran, A. P., Ye, J., Moller, A.-B., Souza, J. P., & Zhang, J. (2021). Trends and projections of caesarean section rates: global and regional estimates. BMJ Global Health, 6(6), e005671. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005671
Betrán, A. P., Ye, J., Moller, A.-B., Zhang, J., Gülmezoglu, A. M., & Torloni, M. R. (2016). The Increasing Trend in Caesarean Section Rates: Global, Regional and National Estimates: 1990-2014. PLOS ONE, 11(2), e0148343. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148343
Bhardwaj, M., Gainder, S., Chopra, S., Bagga, R., & Saini, S. S. (2023). Validation of Grobman’s graphical nomogram for prediction of vaginal delivery in Indian women with previous caesarean section. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X, 18, 100188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurox.2023.100188
Biraboneye S, P., Ogutu, O., van Roosmalen, J., Wanjala, S., Lubano, K., & Kinuthia, J. (2017). Trial of labour or elective repeat caesarean delivery: are women making an informed decision at Kenyatta national hospital? BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 17(1), 260. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-017-1440-3
Boerma, T., Ronsmans, C., Melesse, D. Y., Barros, A. J. D., Barros, F. C., Juan, L., Moller, A.-B., Say, L., Hosseinpoor, A. R., Yi, M., de Lyra Rabello Neto, D., & Temmerman, M. (2018). Global epidemiology of use of and disparities in caesarean sections. The Lancet, 392(10155), 1341–1348. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31928-7
Girma, Y., Menlkalew, Z., & Destaw, A. (2021). Vaginal delivery after caesarean section and its associated factors in Mizan Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. Heliyon, 7(11), e08276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08276
Habak, P. J., & Kole, M. (2023). Vaginal Birth After Cesarean Delivery. StatPearls. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507844/
Jumaah, I. A. A., Neamah, D. A., & Hussein, M. N. (2019). Successful Vaginal Birth After Caesarean Section and Maternal Outcome. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 428–433.
Keag, O. E., Norman, J. E., & Stock, S. J. (2018). Long-term risks and benefits associated with cesarean delivery for mother, baby, and subsequent pregnancies: Systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS Medicine, 15(1), e1002494. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002494
Li, Y.-X., Bai, Z., Long, D.-J., Wang, H.-B., Wu, Y.-F., Reilly, K. H., Huang, S.-R., & Ji, Y.-J. (2019). Predicting the success of vaginal birth after caesarean delivery: a retrospective cohort study in China. BMJ Open, 9(5), e027807. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027807
Maroyi, R., Naomi, B., Moureau, M. K., Marceline, B. S., Ingersoll, C., Nerville, R., & Mukwege, D. (2021). Factors Associated with Successful Vaginal Birth After a Primary Cesarean Section in Women with an Optimal Inter-Delivery Interval. International Journal of Women’s Health, Volume 13, 903–909. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S334269
Mia, M. N., Islam, M. Z., Chowdhury, M. R., Razzaque, A., Chin, B., & Rahman, M. S. (2019). Socio-demographic, health and institutional determinants of caesarean section among the poorest segment of the urban population: Evidence from selected slums in Dhaka, Bangladesh. SSM - Population Health, 8, 100415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100415
Misgan, E., Gedefaw, A., Negash, S., & Asefa, A. (2020). Validation of a Vaginal Birth after Cesarean Delivery Prediction Model in Teaching Hospitals of Addis Ababa University: A Cross-Sectional Study. BioMed Research International, 2020, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/1540460
Obeidat, N., Meri, Z. B., Obeidat, M., Khader, Y., Al-Khateeb, M., Zayed, F., Alchalabi, H., Kriesat, W., & Lataifeh, I. (2013). Vaginal birth after caesarean section (VBAC) in women with spontaneous labour: Predictors of success. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 33(5), 474–478. https://doi.org/10.3109/01443615.2013.782275
Obsa, M. S., Shanka, G. M., Menchamo, M. W., Fite, R. O., & Awol, M. A. (2020). Factors Associated with Apgar Score among Newborns Delivered by Cesarean Sections at Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa. Journal of Pregnancy, 2020, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5986269
Rangkuti, N. A., Zein, Y., Batubara, N. S., Harahap, M. A., & Sodikin, M. A. (2023). Hubungan Mobilisasi Dini Post Sectio Caesarea Dengan Proses Penyembuhan Luka Operasi di RSUD Pandan. Jurnal Education and Development, 11(1), 570–575. https://doi.org/10.37081/ed.v11i1.4563
Siraneh, Y., Assefa, F., & Tesfaye, M. (2018). Feto-Maternal Outcome of Vaginal Birth after Cesarean and Associated Factors Among Mothers with Previous Cesarean Scar at Attat Lord Merry Primary Hospital, Gurage Zone, South Ethiopia. Journal of Pregnancy and Child Health, 05(05). https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000390
Sulistianingsih, A. R., & Bantas, K. (2018). Peluang Menggunakan Metode Sesar Pada Persalinan Di Indonesia (Analisis Data SDKI Tahun 2017). Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi, 9(2), 125–133. https://doi.org/10.22435/kespro.v9i2.2046.125-133
Tesfahun, T. D., Awoke, A. M., Kefale, M. M., Balcha, W. F., Nega, A. T., Gezahegn, T. W., Alemayehu, B. A., Dabalo, M. L., Bogale, T. W., Azene, Z., Nigatu, S., & Beyene, A. (2023). Factors associated with successful vaginal birth after one lower uterine transverse cesarean section delivery. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 8871. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-36027-1
Umar, B., & Haque, M. (2022). Growing concern over rising caesarean section rates: Is it a problem for low- and middle-income countries only? Advances in Human Biology, 12(2), 93. https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_148_21
Uno, K., Mayama, M., Yoshihara, M., Takeda, T., Tano, S., Suzuki, T., Kishigami, Y., & Oguchi, H. (2020). Reasons for previous Cesarean deliveries impact a woman’s independent decision of delivery mode and the success of trial of labor after Cesarean. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 20(1), 170. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-2833-2
Wu, Y., Kataria, Y., Wang, Z., Ming, W.-K., & Ellervik, C. (2019). Factors associated with successful vaginal birth after a cesarean section: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 19(1), 360. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-019-2517-y