Analysis of factors influencing the prevention of diabetes mellitus in pregnant women at the johan pahlawan community health center, west aceh regency
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35335/midwifery.v14i4.2406Keywords:
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Information Sources, Family Roles, Nutritional Status, Physical Activity, Diet, PLS-SEMAbstract
Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by glucose intolerance first recognized during pregnancy and is associated with increased maternal and neonatal morbidity. Pregnant women with high-risk pregnancies are more susceptible to GDM due to biological, behavioral, and social factors. However, previous studies have mostly examined these factors separately, and their direct and indirect relationships in GDM prevention remain unclear.Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effects of information sources, family roles, nutritional status, physical activity, and dietary behavior on the prevention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus among pregnant women using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Methods: An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 100 pregnant women with gestational age greater than 20 weeks in the working area of Johan Pahlawan Community Health Center, West Aceh Regency. Participants were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA), Health-Related Family Support Scale (HDFSS), dietary adherence questionnaire, Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET), and Body Mass Index (BMI). Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Results: The structural model demonstrated good predictive ability, with an R² value of 0.602 for GDM prevention. Nutritional status was the strongest determinant (55.30%), followed by dietary behavior (42.50%), physical activity (28.80%), family roles (27.00%), and information sources (19.10%). The findings indicate that nutritional status and healthy lifestyle behaviors have the greatest influence on GDM prevention, while information sources and family support primarily contribute through behavioral pathways.Conclusion: GDM prevention requires an integrated approach addressing biological, behavioral, and social determinants. Improving nutritional status, promoting healthy dietary practices and physical activity, and strengthening family support and health education are essential strategies for preventing GDM among pregnant wome.
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