Cross-cultural adaptation and preliminary psychometric evaluation of the Indonesian version of the resilience scale for nurses questionnaire
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35335/midwifery.v14i3.2433Keywords:
Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Nurses Resilience, Reliability, Resilience Scale for Nurses, ValidityAbstract
Resilience is an important psychological resource that helps nurses respond to workplace stress while maintaining professional functioning and quality of care. This study aimed to cross-culturally adapt the Resilience Scale for Nurses (RSN) into Indonesian and examine preliminary psychometric evidence in critical-care nurses. The adaptation followed Beaton et al. (2000) and included forward translation, synthesis, backward translation, expert-panel review, and pilot testing with 100 nurses working in critical-care settings. Content validity was evaluated using the Item Content Validity Index (I-CVI), Scale Content Validity Index (S-CVI/Ave and S-CVI/UA), and Aiken's V. Item performance was examined using corrected item-total correlations, and internal consistency was evaluated with Cronbach's alpha. Six experts produced I-CVI values of 0.833-1.000, S-CVI/Ave of 0.974, S-CVI/UA of 0.842, and Aiken's V values of 0.750-0.958. In the pilot sample, corrected item-total correlations ranged from 0.482 to 0.866, while Cronbach's alpha was 0.933 for the total scale and 0.776-0.868 across dimensions. These findings provide preliminary evidence of content adequacy, item performance, and internal consistency for the Indonesian RSN. Because exploratory/confirmatory factor analysis, convergent and discriminant validity, test-retest reliability, McDonald's omega, and measurement invariance were not assessed, the four-factor structure and broader construct validity should be confirmed in larger and more diverse Indonesian nursing samples.
Downloads
References
Alexandro, R., & Alexandro, R. (2025). Strategic human resource management in the digital economy era : an empirical study of challenges and opportunities among MSMEs and startups in Indonesia and startups in Indonesia. Cogent Business & Management, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2025.2528436
Article, R., Turner, J., Miller, W. C., Petlitsyna, P., Reid, H., Kamurasi, I., Friesen, M., Crosbie, S., Towle, J., Mcdonald, I., Winter, A., Girt, M., Knox, A., Peter, M., & Camp, P. (2025). How do occupational therapy and occupational science researchers conceptualize resilience ? A scoping review. 1–50.
Atazadeh, N. (2019). Posttrauma psychosocial effects in children : A systematic review of measurement scales. December 2018. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcap.12247
Beaton, D. E., Bombardier, C., Guillemin, F., & Ferraz, M. B. (2000). Guidelines for the Process of Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Self-Report Measures. 25(24), 3186–3191.
Biscaldi, V., Guerini, J., Ghelfi, M., & Velasco, V. (2026). health-related lifestyle behaviors in students attending Italian universities : a systematic review. April. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1787567
Chen, Y., & Chen, Y. (2026). A meta-analytic structural equation modeling analysis of the relationship between voice behavior , transformational leadership , and psychological capital. April. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1788980
Cooper, A. L. (2025). A Scoping Review of Instruments Used to Measure Resilience in Samples of Nurses. 5718–5762. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.16769
Délétroz, C., Allen, M. C., Yameogo, A. R., Sasseville, M., Naye, F., Rouquette, A., Bodenmann, P., & Gagnon, M. P. (2026). Systematic review of the measurement properties of patient ‑ reported outcome measures ( PROMs ) of eHealth literacy in adult populations.
Escudero-guirado, C., Fernández-rodríguez, L., & Escudero-guirado, C. (2024). Incorporating gendered analysis and flexibility in heavy work investment studies : a systematic literature review. June, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1401201
Hart, P. L., & Brannan, J. D. (2014). Resilience in Nurses : An Integrative Review ew Co py. 22, 720–734.
Hertanti, N. S., Thi, N., Nguyen, T., Thi, D., & Chi, K. (2026). Psychometric evaluation of the Indonesian version of the confidence scale among primary healthcare nurses in dengue-related prevention practice.
Id, W. M., Saikia, U., & Chamberlain, D. (2022). PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH Instruments to identify risk factors associated with adverse childhood experiences for vulnerable children in primary care in low- and middle-income countries : A systematic review and narrative synthesis. 1–30. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000967
Ihara, H., Ogata, H., Inuzuka, A., & Ohta, N. (2010). Development and Psychometric Validation of the Resilience Scale for Nurses. 22(3), 210–220.
Jeffery-schwikkard, D., Li, J., Nagpal, P., & Lomas, T. (2025). Systematic review of character development in low- and middle-income countries ABSTRACT. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 20(1), 169–191. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2024.2322464
Kurniasih, Y., & Farida, A. (2024). Nurse workload and caring behavior in emergency department and intensive care unit. 5(3), 275–281.
Labrague, L. J. (2021). Pandemic fatigue and clinical nurses ’ mental health , sleep quality and job contentment during the covid- 19 pandemic : The mediating role of resilience. April, 1992–2001. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13383
Labrague, L. J., Alexis, J., & Santos, A. D. L. (2020). Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID- 19 . The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect , the company ’ s public news and information website . Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories , such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source . These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active . Resilience as a mediator between compassion fatigue , nurses ’ work outcomes , and quality of care during the COVID-19 pandemic. January.
Labrague, L. J., Santos, J. A. A. D. L., & Fronda, D. C. (2021). Perceived COVID-19-associated discrimination , mental health and professional-turnover intention among frontline clinical nurses : The mediating role of resilience. 1674–1683. https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.12920
Mckown, S., Acquadro, C., Anfray, C., Arnold, B., Eremenco, S., Giroudet, C., Martin, M., & Weiss, D. (2020). Good practices for the translation , cultural adaptation , and linguistic validation of reported outcome , and performance outcome measures.
Pajar, J., Mujaddid, M. A., Nugraha, W. B., Anilon, B. J., Abidin, A. T. Z., Hakiki, A., & Rochman, F. (2026). Global Research Trends and Intellectual Structure of Academic Burnout Among College Students : A Bibliometric Analysis ( 2010 – 2026 ). 10(July), 569–590.
Saeed, A., & Id, A. (2024). Association of personal and professional factors , resilience and quality of life of registered nurses in a university medical city in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0310263
Susanto, H., & Chalidyanto, D. (2026). Public and Professional Perceptions of the Nursing Image During the COVID-19 Pandemic : A Systematic Review. 51–65.
Syahputra, A., Murdiyanto, A. W., & Aesyi, U. S. (2026). Zero-Shot Detection of IndoT5-Synthesized Indonesian Scientific Abstracts Using mDeBERTa v3. 6(2), 333–349.
Tsuchiya-ito, R., Tajima, M., & Slaug, B. (2021). Housing Assessment Tools Developed or Adapted for Use in East and Southeast Asia : A Scoping Review Housing Assessment Tools Developed or Adapted for. Journal of Aging and Environment, 35(3), 225–248. https://doi.org/10.1080/26892618.2020.1833397
Tyas, I. W., Munawir, A., & Yusainy, C. (2026). Association between Psychosocial Safety Climate and Worker Well-being in Construction Workers in Developing Countries : A Systematic Literature Review Association between Psychosocial Safety Climate and Worker Well-being in Construction Workers in Developing Countries : A Systematic Literature Review. 13(2), 947–967.
Venta, A., Muñoz, C., & Bailey, C. (2017). What Language Does Your Internal Working Model of Attachment Speak ? https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022117704053
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Shallomita Yohana, Yanny Triayani, Ayu Prawesti Priambodo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
