Understanding Best Practices in Public Health Services and Leadership in Indonesia
Keywords:
Public Health Understanding, Best Practice, Health LeadershipAbstract
The issue of Leadership and public health services is a significant concern for governments, the wider community, and world health institutions. This study discusses several best practices in public health services based on the principle of health leadership in carrying out health service tasks, especially the government providing health services to the community as mandated by the constitution. This study uses secondary data such as academic publications, books, articles, and other literature relevant to public health service issues and leadership policies. We obtained data through electronic searches in several journals through the Google Scholar application. We then reviewed several stages of analysis, such as coding the data, analyzing sensitive data, evaluating the data, interpreting the data, and concluding the results. Study with a phenomenological approach to obtain valid and highly valid findings. We believe that these results answer the problem of this study. We found, among other things, that health services and Leadership must depart from the first three principles, namely the nature of Leadership with knowledge or understanding of public health conditions, Leadership that has strategic connectivity that combines knowledge, expertise, and experience to support the success of public health services in Indonesia, especially in the era of the pandemic crisis, entering a new normal. The results of this study are expected to be essential inputs for future research and contribute to strengthening decision-making in the field.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Arifianto, A. R. (2016). Analysing Transformative Local Leadership in Indonesia. https://think-asia.org/handle/11540/6752
Aspinall, E. (2014). Health care and democratization in Indonesia. Democratization, 21(5), 803–823. https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2013.873791
Bdaiwi, Y., Rayes, D., Sabouni, A., Murad, L., Fouad, F., Zakaria, W., Hariri, M., Ekzayez, A., Tarakji, A., & Abbara, A. (2020). Challenges of providing healthcare worker education and training in protracted conflict: A focus on non-government controlled areas in north west Syria. Conflict and Health, 14(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13031-020-00287-9
Chatterjee, R., Suy, R., Yen, Y., & Chhay, L. (2018). Literature review on leadership in healthcare management. J Soc Sci Stud, 5(1), 38–47.
Ebadifard Azar, F., & Sarabi Asiabar, A. (2015). Does leadership effectiveness correlates with leadership styles in healthcare executives of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 29, 166.
Edmonstone, J. D. (2020). Beyond healthcare leadership? The imperative for health and social care systems. Leadership in Health Services, 33(4), 351–363. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHS-02-2020-0005
Ernawati, K. (2019). Health Education on Transmission Prevention and Use of Masks in Families with Tuberculosis Patient: Experience from Johar Baru, Central Jakarta. Repository YARSI.
Ernawati, K., Cantika, I. B., Isaputri, R. R., Andari, A. W., Ramadhan, M. F., Nathasia, S. K., Rifqatussa’adah, H., Astuti, L. T. M., & Ismail10, Y. (2021). Community knowledge, attitudes and behaviors in prevention of covid-19 transmission: A systematic review. International Journal of Public Health Science, 10(1), 16–26.
Ginter, P. M., Duncan, W. J., & Swayne, L. E. (2018). The Strategic Management of Health Care Organizations. John Wiley & Sons.
Gordon, D. (2018). Maintaining standards and improving quality in medical education worldwide, at a time of rapid growth and change. in Conjunction with WFME Meeting, 2nd JIT Seminars, and 5th IASHE International Conference, 90.
Handayani, P. W., Hidayanto, A. N., Sandhyaduhita, P. I., Kasiyah, & Ayuningtyas, D. (2015). Strategic hospital services quality analysis in Indonesia. Expert Systems with Applications, 42(6), 3067–3078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2014.11.065
Kuo, D. Z., Houtrow, A. J., Arango, P., Kuhlthau, K. A., Simmons, J. M., & Neff, J. M. (2012). Family-Centered Care: Current Applications and Future Directions in Pediatric Health Care. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 16(2), 297–305. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-011-0751-7
Mah’d Alloubani, A., Almatari, M., & Almukhtar, M. M. (2014). Effects of leadership styles on quality of services in healthcare. European Scientific Journal, 10(18).
Mahendradhata Y, L, T., S, L., P, S., T, M., P, H., & J, P. (2017). The Republic of Indonesia Health System Review. WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/254716
Malterud, K. (2012). Systematic text condensation: A strategy for qualitative analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 40(8), 795–805. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494812465030
Marastuti, A., Subandi, M. A., Retnowati, S., Marchira, C. R., Yuen, C. M., Good, B. J., & Good, M.-J. D. (2020). Development and Evaluation of a Mental Health Training Program for Community Health Workers in Indonesia. Community Mental Health Journal, 56(7), 1248–1254. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-020-00579-7
Masefield, S. C., Megaw, A., Barlow, M., White, P. C. L., Altink, H., & Grugel, J. (2020). Repurposing NGO data for better research outcomes: A scoping review of the use and secondary analysis of NGO data in health policy and systems research. Health Research Policy and Systems, 18(1), 63. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-020-00577-x
Mazzocato, P., Savage, C., Brommels, M., Aronsson, H., & Thor, J. (2010). Lean thinking in healthcare: A realist review of the literature. BMJ Quality & Safety, 19(5), 376–382. https://doi.org/10.1136/qshc.2009.037986
Mboi, N., Murty Surbakti, I., Trihandini, I., Elyazar, I., Houston Smith, K., Bahjuri Ali, P., Kosen, S., Flemons, K., Ray, S. E., Cao, J., Glenn, S. D., Miller-Petrie, M. K., Mooney, M. D., Ried, J. L., Nur Anggraini Ningrum, D., Idris, F., Siregar, K. N., Harimurti, P., Bernstein, R. S., … Hay, S. I. (2018). On the road to universal health care in Indonesia, 1990–2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. The Lancet, 392(10147), 581–591. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30595-6
McCollum, R., Taegtmeyer, M., Otiso, L., Mireku, M., Muturi, N., Martineau, T., & Theobald, S. (2019). Healthcare equity analysis: Applying the Tanahashi model of health service coverage to community health systems following devolution in Kenya. International journal for equity in health, 18(1), 1–12.
McNabb, D. E. (2017). Research Methods in Public Administration and Nonprofit Management (4 ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315181158
Meskó, B., & Görög, M. (2020). A short guide for medical professionals in the era of artificial intelligence. Npj Digital Medicine, 3(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-020-00333-z
Nasution, G., Jannati, N., Pama, V. I., & Khaidir, E. (2022). SITUASI SOSIAL KEAGAMAAN MASYARAKAT ARAB PRA ISLAM. TSAQIFA NUSANTARA: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Isu-Isu Sosial, 1(1), 85–101. https://doi.org/10.24014/tsaqifa.v1i1.16541
Nour, M., Chen, J., & Allman-Farinelli, M. (2016). Efficacy and External Validity of Electronic and Mobile Phone-Based Interventions Promoting Vegetable Intake in Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 18(4), e5082. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.5082
Nurdin, N., Stockdale, R., & Scheepers, H. (2014). Coordination and Cooperation in E-Government: An Indonesian Local E-Government Case. THE ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, 61(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1681-4835.2014.tb00432.x
Perry, H. (2020). Health for the people: National community health worker programs from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe. Washington DC: USAID.
Qiantori, A., Sutiono, A. B., Hariyanto, H., Suwa, H., & Ohta, T. (2012). An Emergency Medical Communications System by Low Altitude Platform at the Early Stages of a Natural Disaster in Indonesia. Journal of Medical Systems, 36(1), 41–52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-010-9444-9
Rokx, C. (2010). New Insights Into the Provision of Health Services in Indonesia: A Health Workforce Study. World Bank Publications.
Rowe, A., Knox, M., & Harvey, G. (2020). Re-thinking health through design: Collaborations in research, education and practice. Design for Health, 4(3), 327–344. https://doi.org/10.1080/24735132.2020.1841918
Santoso, A. B., Moeins, A., & Sunaryo, W. (2022). Effect Of The Application Of Information And Communication Technology On Improving Innovation. Journal World of Science, 1(5), 242–249. https://doi.org/10.36418/jws.v1i5.35
Sapta, I. K. S., Landra, N., Supartha, I. W. G., Asih, D., & Setini, M. (2020). Public health welfare in digital-based resources transformation from social capital and information sharing: Creative industries from village. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11(6), 688–696.
Sari, A. D., & Prayoga, N. (2018). Enhancing Citizen Engagement in the Face of Climate Change Risks: A Case Study of the Flood Early Warning System and Health Information System in Semarang City, Indonesia. Dalam S. Hughes, E. K. Chu, & S. G. Mason (Ed.), Climate Change in Cities: Innovations in Multi-Level Governance (hlm. 121–137). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65003-6_7
Sfantou, D. F., Laliotis, A., Patelarou, A. E., Sifaki- Pistolla, D., Matalliotakis, M., & Patelarou, E. (2017). Importance of Leadership Style towards Quality of Care Measures in Healthcare Settings: A Systematic Review. Healthcare, 5(4), 73. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare5040073
Supinganto, A., Pramana, C., Sirait, L. I., Kumalasari, M. L. F., Hadi, M. I., Ernawati, K., Staryo, N. A., Suprayitno, E., Nurhidayah, Utami, K., & Hadi, S. P. I. (2021). The Use of Masks, as an Effective Method in Preventing the Transmission of the COVID-19, During Pandemic and the New Normal Era: A Review (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. 3780841). Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3780841
Supriyanto, A. S., Soetjipto, B. E., & Maharani, V. (2016). The effect of spiritual leadership on workplace spirituality, job satisfaction and ihsan behaviour: A study on nurses of Aisyiah Islamic hospital in Malang, Indonesia. International Journal of Applied Business and Economic Research, 14(11), 7675–7688.
Tahir, M., Amiruddin, R., Palutturi, S., Rivai, F., & Saleh, L. M. (2020). Quality Evaluation of Health Services at Community Health Centers: Through Accreditation Surveys in Indonesia. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 11(1).
Tolley, E. E., Ulin, P. R., Mack, N., Robinson, E. T., & Succop, S. M. (2016). Qualitative Methods in Public Health: A Field Guide for Applied Research. John Wiley & Sons.
Tosepu, R., & Effendy, D. S. (2015). The Leadership of Public Health Scholars in Indonesia. Public Health of Indonesia, 1(1).
Tsai, L. L., Morse, B. S., & Blair, R. A. (2020). Building Credibility and Cooperation in Low-Trust Settings: Persuasion and Source Accountability in Liberia During the 2014–2015 Ebola Crisis. Comparative Political Studies, 53(10–11), 1582–1618. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414019897698
Tukayo, I. J. H., Saljan, M., Swastika, I. K., & Hardy, S. (2021). The Occupational Health Nursing Education Components Most Influenced by Informatics Technology Based on Gamification and Fogg’s Models: A Case Study in Indonesia. International Journal of Advanced Health Science and Technology, 1(2), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.35882/ijahst.v1i2.4
Waring, J., Bishop, S., Clarke, J., Exworthy, M., Fulop, N. J., Hartley, J., & Ramsay, A. I. G. (2018). Healthcare leadership with political astuteness (HeLPA): A qualitative study of how service leaders understand and mediate the informal ‘power and politics’ of major health system change. BMC Health Services Research, 18(1), 918. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3728-z
Aspinall, E. (2014). Health care and democratization in Indonesia. Democratization, 21(5), 803–823. https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2013.873791
Bdaiwi, Y., Rayes, D., Sabouni, A., Murad, L., Fouad, F., Zakaria, W., Hariri, M., Ekzayez, A., Tarakji, A., & Abbara, A. (2020). Challenges of providing healthcare worker education and training in protracted conflict: A focus on non-government controlled areas in north west Syria. Conflict and Health, 14(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13031-020-00287-9
Chatterjee, R., Suy, R., Yen, Y., & Chhay, L. (2018). Literature review on leadership in healthcare management. J Soc Sci Stud, 5(1), 38–47.
Ebadifard Azar, F., & Sarabi Asiabar, A. (2015). Does leadership effectiveness correlates with leadership styles in healthcare executives of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 29, 166.
Edmonstone, J. D. (2020). Beyond healthcare leadership? The imperative for health and social care systems. Leadership in Health Services, 33(4), 351–363. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHS-02-2020-0005
Ernawati, K. (2019). Health Education on Transmission Prevention and Use of Masks in Families with Tuberculosis Patient: Experience from Johar Baru, Central Jakarta. Repository YARSI.
Ernawati, K., Cantika, I. B., Isaputri, R. R., Andari, A. W., Ramadhan, M. F., Nathasia, S. K., Rifqatussa’adah, H., Astuti, L. T. M., & Ismail10, Y. (2021). Community knowledge, attitudes and behaviors in prevention of covid-19 transmission: A systematic review. International Journal of Public Health Science, 10(1), 16–26.
Ginter, P. M., Duncan, W. J., & Swayne, L. E. (2018). The Strategic Management of Health Care Organizations. John Wiley & Sons.
Gordon, D. (2018). Maintaining standards and improving quality in medical education worldwide, at a time of rapid growth and change. in Conjunction with WFME Meeting, 2nd JIT Seminars, and 5th IASHE International Conference, 90.
Handayani, P. W., Hidayanto, A. N., Sandhyaduhita, P. I., Kasiyah, & Ayuningtyas, D. (2015). Strategic hospital services quality analysis in Indonesia. Expert Systems with Applications, 42(6), 3067–3078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2014.11.065
Kuo, D. Z., Houtrow, A. J., Arango, P., Kuhlthau, K. A., Simmons, J. M., & Neff, J. M. (2012). Family-Centered Care: Current Applications and Future Directions in Pediatric Health Care. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 16(2), 297–305. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-011-0751-7
Mah’d Alloubani, A., Almatari, M., & Almukhtar, M. M. (2014). Effects of leadership styles on quality of services in healthcare. European Scientific Journal, 10(18).
Mahendradhata Y, L, T., S, L., P, S., T, M., P, H., & J, P. (2017). The Republic of Indonesia Health System Review. WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/254716
Malterud, K. (2012). Systematic text condensation: A strategy for qualitative analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 40(8), 795–805. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494812465030
Marastuti, A., Subandi, M. A., Retnowati, S., Marchira, C. R., Yuen, C. M., Good, B. J., & Good, M.-J. D. (2020). Development and Evaluation of a Mental Health Training Program for Community Health Workers in Indonesia. Community Mental Health Journal, 56(7), 1248–1254. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-020-00579-7
Masefield, S. C., Megaw, A., Barlow, M., White, P. C. L., Altink, H., & Grugel, J. (2020). Repurposing NGO data for better research outcomes: A scoping review of the use and secondary analysis of NGO data in health policy and systems research. Health Research Policy and Systems, 18(1), 63. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-020-00577-x
Mazzocato, P., Savage, C., Brommels, M., Aronsson, H., & Thor, J. (2010). Lean thinking in healthcare: A realist review of the literature. BMJ Quality & Safety, 19(5), 376–382. https://doi.org/10.1136/qshc.2009.037986
Mboi, N., Murty Surbakti, I., Trihandini, I., Elyazar, I., Houston Smith, K., Bahjuri Ali, P., Kosen, S., Flemons, K., Ray, S. E., Cao, J., Glenn, S. D., Miller-Petrie, M. K., Mooney, M. D., Ried, J. L., Nur Anggraini Ningrum, D., Idris, F., Siregar, K. N., Harimurti, P., Bernstein, R. S., … Hay, S. I. (2018). On the road to universal health care in Indonesia, 1990–2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. The Lancet, 392(10147), 581–591. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30595-6
McCollum, R., Taegtmeyer, M., Otiso, L., Mireku, M., Muturi, N., Martineau, T., & Theobald, S. (2019). Healthcare equity analysis: Applying the Tanahashi model of health service coverage to community health systems following devolution in Kenya. International journal for equity in health, 18(1), 1–12.
McNabb, D. E. (2017). Research Methods in Public Administration and Nonprofit Management (4 ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315181158
Meskó, B., & Görög, M. (2020). A short guide for medical professionals in the era of artificial intelligence. Npj Digital Medicine, 3(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-020-00333-z
Nasution, G., Jannati, N., Pama, V. I., & Khaidir, E. (2022). SITUASI SOSIAL KEAGAMAAN MASYARAKAT ARAB PRA ISLAM. TSAQIFA NUSANTARA: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Isu-Isu Sosial, 1(1), 85–101. https://doi.org/10.24014/tsaqifa.v1i1.16541
Nour, M., Chen, J., & Allman-Farinelli, M. (2016). Efficacy and External Validity of Electronic and Mobile Phone-Based Interventions Promoting Vegetable Intake in Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 18(4), e5082. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.5082
Nurdin, N., Stockdale, R., & Scheepers, H. (2014). Coordination and Cooperation in E-Government: An Indonesian Local E-Government Case. THE ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, 61(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1681-4835.2014.tb00432.x
Perry, H. (2020). Health for the people: National community health worker programs from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe. Washington DC: USAID.
Qiantori, A., Sutiono, A. B., Hariyanto, H., Suwa, H., & Ohta, T. (2012). An Emergency Medical Communications System by Low Altitude Platform at the Early Stages of a Natural Disaster in Indonesia. Journal of Medical Systems, 36(1), 41–52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-010-9444-9
Rokx, C. (2010). New Insights Into the Provision of Health Services in Indonesia: A Health Workforce Study. World Bank Publications.
Rowe, A., Knox, M., & Harvey, G. (2020). Re-thinking health through design: Collaborations in research, education and practice. Design for Health, 4(3), 327–344. https://doi.org/10.1080/24735132.2020.1841918
Santoso, A. B., Moeins, A., & Sunaryo, W. (2022). Effect Of The Application Of Information And Communication Technology On Improving Innovation. Journal World of Science, 1(5), 242–249. https://doi.org/10.36418/jws.v1i5.35
Sapta, I. K. S., Landra, N., Supartha, I. W. G., Asih, D., & Setini, M. (2020). Public health welfare in digital-based resources transformation from social capital and information sharing: Creative industries from village. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11(6), 688–696.
Sari, A. D., & Prayoga, N. (2018). Enhancing Citizen Engagement in the Face of Climate Change Risks: A Case Study of the Flood Early Warning System and Health Information System in Semarang City, Indonesia. Dalam S. Hughes, E. K. Chu, & S. G. Mason (Ed.), Climate Change in Cities: Innovations in Multi-Level Governance (hlm. 121–137). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65003-6_7
Sfantou, D. F., Laliotis, A., Patelarou, A. E., Sifaki- Pistolla, D., Matalliotakis, M., & Patelarou, E. (2017). Importance of Leadership Style towards Quality of Care Measures in Healthcare Settings: A Systematic Review. Healthcare, 5(4), 73. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare5040073
Supinganto, A., Pramana, C., Sirait, L. I., Kumalasari, M. L. F., Hadi, M. I., Ernawati, K., Staryo, N. A., Suprayitno, E., Nurhidayah, Utami, K., & Hadi, S. P. I. (2021). The Use of Masks, as an Effective Method in Preventing the Transmission of the COVID-19, During Pandemic and the New Normal Era: A Review (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. 3780841). Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3780841
Supriyanto, A. S., Soetjipto, B. E., & Maharani, V. (2016). The effect of spiritual leadership on workplace spirituality, job satisfaction and ihsan behaviour: A study on nurses of Aisyiah Islamic hospital in Malang, Indonesia. International Journal of Applied Business and Economic Research, 14(11), 7675–7688.
Tahir, M., Amiruddin, R., Palutturi, S., Rivai, F., & Saleh, L. M. (2020). Quality Evaluation of Health Services at Community Health Centers: Through Accreditation Surveys in Indonesia. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 11(1).
Tolley, E. E., Ulin, P. R., Mack, N., Robinson, E. T., & Succop, S. M. (2016). Qualitative Methods in Public Health: A Field Guide for Applied Research. John Wiley & Sons.
Tosepu, R., & Effendy, D. S. (2015). The Leadership of Public Health Scholars in Indonesia. Public Health of Indonesia, 1(1).
Tsai, L. L., Morse, B. S., & Blair, R. A. (2020). Building Credibility and Cooperation in Low-Trust Settings: Persuasion and Source Accountability in Liberia During the 2014–2015 Ebola Crisis. Comparative Political Studies, 53(10–11), 1582–1618. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414019897698
Tukayo, I. J. H., Saljan, M., Swastika, I. K., & Hardy, S. (2021). The Occupational Health Nursing Education Components Most Influenced by Informatics Technology Based on Gamification and Fogg’s Models: A Case Study in Indonesia. International Journal of Advanced Health Science and Technology, 1(2), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.35882/ijahst.v1i2.4
Waring, J., Bishop, S., Clarke, J., Exworthy, M., Fulop, N. J., Hartley, J., & Ramsay, A. I. G. (2018). Healthcare leadership with political astuteness (HeLPA): A qualitative study of how service leaders understand and mediate the informal ‘power and politics’ of major health system change. BMC Health Services Research, 18(1), 918. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3728-z
Downloads
Published
2022-04-30
How to Cite
Sulistiyo Nugroho, B. . (2022) “Understanding Best Practices in Public Health Services and Leadership in Indonesia”, Science Midwifery, 10(2), pp. 1141–1148. Available at: https://www.midwifery.iocspublisher.org/index.php/midwifery/article/view/474 (Accessed: 9 March 2026).
Issue
Section
Articles
